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The N-terminal amino group of glycine, the imidazole side chain of histidine, and the deprotonated amide nitrogen of the Gly-His peptide bond together coordinate the copper(II) ion in a square-planar (or square-pyramidal with axial water) geometry

Its mechanism involves modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, regulation of cortisol and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) secretion, and interaction with the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems

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Discussion The affinities of metalloproteins for the metal ions, characterized by K D values, are the key thermodynamic parameters, which direct the metabolism of metal ions and determine their homeostasis