IV/IM Injections: Intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injections may be used to deliver vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients directly into the bloodstream or muscle tissue
Its bioactivation leads to excessive generation of ROS, including superoxide (O), hydrogen peroxide (HO), singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radicals (OH), disrupting redox homeostasis in ovarian tissue (Trujillo et al
Supplementary material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: Abbreviations AQ amodiaquine AQ-SG 5-glutathion- S -yl-amodiaquine AQ-QI amodiaquine-quinoneimine BSO L -buthionine-sulfoximine CDNB 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene CYP cytochromes P450 DEAQ N -desethylamodiaquine DEAQ-SG 5-glutathion- S -yl- N -desethylamodiaquine DEAQ-QI N -desethylamodiaquine-quinoneimine DMEM Dulbeccos modified Eagle medium DMF N,N -dimethylformamide ER endoplasmic reticulum FBS fetal bovine serum GSH glutathione GSSG glutathione disulfide GST glutathione S -transferase H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide HClO 4 perchloric acid HRP horseradish peroxidase NQO1 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 NAPQI N -acetyl- p -benzoquinonimine PBS phosphate-buffered saline QI quinoneimine
Statistical calculations were performed using Mann-Whitney U test (IBLM SPSS Statistics 21.0, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY)
