with direct glucuronidation (~55%) and sulfation (~40%) (Mitchell et al., N -acetyl p -benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), a highly reactive electrophile, which is known to covalently bind to nucleophilic centers, including cysteine thiols in liver proteins (see Figure 1) (Jollow et al., S -transferase (GST) isozymes (Figure 1) (Mitchell et al., Figure 1 GSTs represent major detoxification enzymes with a protein size of ~25 kDa (Eaton and Bammler, in vivo (LeBlanc et al., Several NAPQI-protein adducts have been identified previously in mouse, rat, and human (Wendel and Cikryt, In vitro binding studies have also shown NAPQI-GST adducts, using 14 C-APAP metabolism in mouse liver homogenates (Wendel and Cikryt, in vitro
Androgens and alopecia
10 :908892 Corresponding authors: Lama Hamadneh
In certain instances, once drug exposure (e.g., concentration in the perilymph) of a drug reaches steady state, the concentration of the drug in the perilymph stays at or about the therapeutic dose for an extended period of time (e.g., one day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, or 6 months)
