J Allergy Clin Immunol 136:769780 Hoffmann RF, Zarrintan S, Brandenburg SM, Kol A, de Bruin HG, Jafari S, Dijk F, Kalicharan D, Kelders M, Gosker HR, Ten Hacken NH, van der Want JJ, van Oosterhout AJ, Heijink IH (2013) Prolonged cigarette smoke exposure alters mitochondrial structure and function in airway epithelial cells
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An elevated white blood cell count is often identified in lab tests
A study using data from PATH Waves 13 (20132016) found that weighted cross-sectional prevalence of past 30-day cigar use was stable for adults 25+ but decreased in youth and young adults aged 1824, raising questions as to whether cigar initiation might be decreasing (Edwards et al., 2020)