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These results may be related to the action of cigarette components, such as nicotine, as suppressors of inflammatory responses and promoters of immune cell activity by affecting the mucus layer of the colon, modulating the production of cytokines, and influencing the immunomodulatory effects of the microvascular system
The sample included one brand each sample of Khaini, Gudhaku, and Kharra, two of Zarda and Mawa, six of chewing tobacco, three of Gul, and five of Pan Masala
The most commonly-used nicotine levels are: 0 mg/ml (0 %) 3 mg/ml (0.3 %) 6 mg/ml (0.6 %) 12 mg/ml (1.2 %) 18 mg/ml (1.8 %) 24 mg/ml (2.4 %) In some cases, extra levels such as 1.5 mg/ml (0.15 %) or 36 mg/ml (3.6 %) will be offered too, but these aren't very common