Health outcome variables were all causes mortality (ICD-9 codes 001998), all cancer (ICD-9 codes 140208), oral cancer (ICD-9 codes 140149), esophageal cancer (ICD-9 codes 150), stomach cancer (ICD-9 codes 151), colon rectum cancer (ICD-9 codes 153154), liver cancer (ICD-9 codes 155), pancreas cancer (ICD-9 codes 157), lung cancer (ICD-9 codes 162), breast cancer (ICD-9 codes 174), prostate cancer (ICD-9 codes 185), bladder cancer (ICD-9 codes 188), Diabetes mellitus (ICD-9 codes 250), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (ICD-9 codes 390459), ischemic heart disease (ICD-9 codes 410414), stroke (ICD-9 codes 430438), respiratory system disease (ICD-9 codes 460519), COPD (ICD-9 codes 491496), digestive system disease (ICD-9 codes 520579), cirrhosis (ICD-9 codes 571), kidney disease (ICD-9 codes 580589), accidents (ICD-9 codes 800949) and suicide (ICD-9 codes 950959)
I smoked my last cigarette January 1st
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In contrast, the renowned British Doctors study (19502000 cohort) found a much larger gap of about 10 years [22]
